The first technique is called Batik Tulis, which is fully hand-drawn. Layer by layer, very detailed and time-consuming. Batik Tulis is made with a copper pen called 'canting'.
Let us show you the process of Batik
The second technique is Batik Cap, made using a copper stamp. There are many different patterns (every Javanese region has its own style). Batik Cap makes repeating patterns easier and is a faster process.
They use wax to block the fabric from absorbing colour. So only unwashed (white) areas take on the color.
The cloth is dyed multiple times to create darker shades. Then it's dried outside and sometimes immediately dyed again for deeper colors. In this area, the wax is also removed with hot water and soda.
The entire process is repeated for every color and pattern, making batik a detailed and time-intensive craft.